October 31, 2021 Analysis of USA state data
Summary: For most states, daily growth rates for cases are negative, meaning that infection rates are in decline. Furthermore, the daily growth rates themselves are trending more negative for many states.
See the October 24 report for the comparison of growth rates then and 4 weeks prior for US states, Canadian provinces, and European nations. The situation in Europe is very concerning, showing an increase in growth rates by 5%/day or more, resulting in rapid growth in the majority of Europe. European studies are posted here.
Some states have shown a recent upswing in growth rates, namely Alabama, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Hawaii, Mississippi, and Nebraska. Given the recent situation in Europe, it is important to monitor the situation closely in the US.
Individual state histories
The plots below show the case / hospital admissions / deaths data for all 50 states, DC, and PR. The data fits were done using data up until October 30, 2021.
An infection model is setup for each state, calibrated using the case data from that state. Given the time history of infections, projections for hospitalization and death are calculated and shown as curves in the plots below. The degree that hospitalization and death data following the model projections, indicates the ability of this approach to forecast future hospitalization and death.
The green points are the daily cases, the grey points the daily hospitalizations, and indigo points are the daily deaths (each averaged over a week). The case data are used to define the periods for which transmission rate appears to be constant. The vertical lines show where the transmission rate is changed. If the susceptibe fraction is constant (immunity not changing quickly), constant transmission rates lead to steady exponential growth or decline during, which appear as straight lines on these log-scale plots. With immunity growing, these lines are no longer straight - bending downwards due to the herd effect. The curves are the model expectations for cases, hospitalizations, and deaths, and all three are determined from the case data.
For several states recently, case data are problematic, having many anomalous entries. For those states, hospital admission data is used instead to define the recent trends in the infection model. The list of states affected for this analysis are: Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Indiana, Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Wisconsin.
The dashed curves separately show the reported cases from the original strains and from variants of concern, divided into two types B.1.1.7 (alpha) and B.1.617.2 (delta).
At the bottom of this page, plots showing the combined forecast for the US are shown.
Alaska
Alabama
Arkansas
Arizona
California
Colorado
Connecticut
District Of Columbia
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Iowa
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Massachusetts
Maryland
Maine
Michigan
Minnesota
Missouri
Mississippi
Montana
North Carolina
North Dakota
Nebraska
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
Nevada
New York
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Virginia
Vermont
Washington
Wisconsin
West Virginia
Wyoming
Comparing prevalence between states
The following plots show the daily cases per 100,000 people in each state, grouped according to the 10 standard federal regions.
USA Forecast
The following plots show the combined US 4 week forecast. The shaded areas are 50%, 80%, and 95% intervals. Overall, case rates, hospitalizations, and deaths are forecast to continue to decline.
USA
